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Q: "I'd appreciate any advice about what kind of writing software is available (for academic social sciences). I use WordPerfect with EndNote, but need to upgrade, and haven't looked at other programs in several years. Has EndNote gotten any easier to use? Is Word avoidable? Is there any flexible and useful outlining software?"

A: Richard Hull, TAA Executive Director:

"I put Stephen's question to a professional book producer and got the following answer:

'This person sounds strongly biased against Word, which is typical of many people who learned their craft on Word Perfect. For them, learning Word is annoying; like learning a second language that shares so many features of the mother tongue, they frequently get confused and prefer their familiar language. As annoying and rigid as I find them, I know that I am equally biased toward Word for equally annoying reasons (in fact, the same reasons!).

No software will create an outline not already present in the text. The 'good outline' is contingent on organization created by the author, not the software. But if you start with an excellent outline in your work and apply headings correctly, Word creates an excellent outline. I imagine Word Perfect would do an equally good job.

It's much cheaper than Word if you look at retail prices (necessary for them to compete, but I am able to find prices for Word as low, or lower, by buying through wholesalers on Ebay). It's fairly compatible; you can open and use, even save to other files types (but precise work with an editor using MS Word will be a bother).

Word Perfect 3 comes with built-in pdf creation software (these are not always identical to Adobe, but probably passable). WP features list states that pdf files can be opened and edited in WP. While it's hard to imagine these features are as functional as having Adobe Acrobat, they sound like benefits quite favorable toward selection of WP, especially if the user is already familiar with WP.

Both products have extensive free on-line training available.

So if a person is thinking of working start-to-finish independently or with other WP users, why switch? On the other hand, to have asked the question, regardless of the bias, is an indication that perhaps this person has some dissatisfaction with WP (perhaps a feeling of being slightly incompatible with so many others with whom the person works?)

Endnote is fine so long as the format you require is supported by the software. I found it extremely difficult to tweak Endnote to spit out the custom format that I needed. I have read, however, that such customization is possible. (I was able to get the hang of making the changes, but I required so many changes that I ended up re-checking every entry manually anyway, so I prefer to do my cites manually.)

In sum, document quality from either WP or Word is contingent on the user's competence, not on the product."

A: Paul Chance, TAA Member:

"People will laugh, but if I could I'd use nothing but MacWrite II. It was intuitive, fast, and did everything any sensible writer could want. I wrote a couple of books with it and numerous magazine articles. Unfortunately, it doesn't run on OS X or Windows. I use Word, and hate it. It is lumbering, temperamental, and cumbersome. It may do a kazillion things, but all I need is a dozen. The entire publishing industry is committed to Word, it seems, so you either have to use it or convert whatever you do use into Word files.

I would love to learn that there's a small, fast, easy to use word processor app that runs on OS X and can be converted to Word."

A: Paul Colinvaux, TAA Member:

"I use because I have to, because publishers use it, because it is a paradigm of our times (I define a paradigm as 'You had better believe it because everyone else does' in a book now in press. The horror of Word is the gazillion features. I merely want to be able to write, as I could with a pencil or manual type writer. I wrote my first text on a manual typewriter at a steady 40 - 60 words a minute. I then gravitated to electric type writers, and loved the convenience (with the golfball models) of being able to erase (my manual did have 'X-ing out' problems). Then came heaven in the form of WordStar, far superior even to WordPerfect if you wanted only to write, not dealing with print in columns and other nasty things best left to type setters. The overriding advatage over WordPerfect was that you never had to take your hands from the key board to operate a mouse. Lovely block operations from the keyboard; move blocks; keep blocks; flag blocks with simple key strokes.

Word has added to the basic indignities of the mouse a desire to make you write Word's way. It thinks it knows English writing better than a writer and has the power to enforce its opinion. I have the version that comes with Windows XP Professional and I have spent hours trying to disable as many features as possible but some of the more irritating cannot be beat. I had that nasty paper clip pop up the other day when I was quite sure it was silenced. And dare to start an indented line with a number, and an unseen hand takes over to let you do nothing different from then on. Try using lower case after a question mark and see what happens.

My advisor says I must move to Vista as soon as it becomes available to assure compatibility. The version of Word that comes with it is sure to be worse (it claims to have even more features). I live, and write, in dread. Please Bill G., with all your resources, have some of your people spend a few days writing a simple word processor for writers, imagine you are Charles Dickens writing in an exercise book on his lap, a program at least as good as WordStar but that will be compatible with the output of Word so that the poor writer can sell his work. The essential requirements are: The mouse not needed.; Never presume to anticipate a need; The writer is always right; Block operations with function keys."

A: Stan Gibilisco, TAA Member:

"For what it's worth, I compose my work in Windows Write (also called WordPad) that has been part of the Windows operating systems for years. I give all my files the default extension .rtf, and set the computer to open them in WordPad.

I have saved the old Windows Write from Windows 3.1 because it is a compact file that, in fact, makes the computer work like an electronic typewriter. It's fast and almost never crashes. I am not sure, but I think the WordPad program that comes with Windows XP is a little bulkier.

When opened in Word, files from WordPad or Write don't require much, if any, modification. Some of the symbols might appear differently depending on what fonts you have on your computer, and depending on how you created the symbols in WordPad or Write. But this is rarely a major problem.

Either of these are a lot faster than Word, which tends to crash a lot. Also, it has (if my suspicions are correct) been hijacked a few times when I have left the Internet connection enabled.

When there is a lot of mathematics in a manuscript (as there often is in mine), I find that WordPad and Write are not always adequate. But I have been too lazy to learn TeX. Maybe the new Word version that comes with Vista won't be so bad. You will probably be able to turn off the features that you don't want. And I suspect it will still import files from the old WordPad and Write programs.

All this is PC stuff, of course, not Mac. But the .rtf format is pretty universal, I think.

I see one more worm crawling out of this can. Does anybody know about so-called 'online apps'? Some techies say we are all going in that direction whether we like it or not. Will the day come when one can't write anything for a major publisher without being plugged into Google or Microsoft or some other corporate site to use their apps (and paying them a royalty)? Or is this a paranoid notion resulting from my having composed this at 2:30 a.m. when spooks are flying around in these here hills?"

A: Helen Solorzano, ESOL Materials Writer:

"Does anyone have experience using Open Office, the open source -- and therefore free -- program (see http://www.openoffice.org)? It includes a word processing program, as well as a math function creator, spreadsheet, presentation program, drawing tool and database. I am planning on trying it out sometime soon when I have some time to spend on it.

In the past, I think it had a problem b/c documents created in Open Office couldn't be opened in Word, due to Microsoft's restrictions on their file format, but now there is a way to save in a word-compatible format. You do have to install all the whole program, not just the word processor. It works on Windows, MAC, Linux and other platforms.

I've used Word for years but can do so only after turning off all the annoying parts (which takes a bit of research).

I'd be interested to know of anyone's experience with Open Office, or I can report back when I get around to trying out myself."

A: Cory Nimer, Manuscripts Cataloger/Metadata Specialist:

"I have been using OpenOffice.org since its first release, and I have been quite happy with it. It does everything that I need it to, although its built in bibliographic utility is not as robust as it ought to be. There is another open source bibliographic application, Bibus (http://bibus-biblio.sourceforge.net/), which integrates directly with OpenOffice.org that makes a good replacement.

As far as compatibility with Word goes, OpenOffice.org files (ODF) cannot be opened directly in Word. However, OpenOffice.org does include the ability to save documents in a variety of formats including Word (DOC), Word 2003 XML (XML), and Rich Text (RTF). It can also open these formats directly, as well as WordPerfect files (WPD).

For most users, OpenOffice.org is a good Word replacement, and the vast majority of Word's features. Some things are in different places in the menus, which adds a little time to learn the differences up front, but at times this reordering is an improvement over Word. OpenOffice.org also includes some added bonuses, such as integrated PDF generation. Due to the open source nature of development, OpenOffice.org users also benefit from community efforts such as the Open Clip Art project (http://www.openclipart.org/) and the OO Extras project (http://ooextras.sourceforge.net/).

And of course it is available for download at no cost, so the only investment to try it out is bandwidth, hard-drive space, and your time."

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